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Material presented on this website was gathered through decades of research into the history of American organized crime. My childhood interest in the subject blossomed into a full-time obsession in the late 1990s, when I began to organize data that had been gathered on notebook pages and index cards. That effort gave rise to this website in September 2002.

The website is more of a process than it is a document. Very often new historical data becomes available and causes old assumptions to be revised or abandoned. Since 2002, many underworld legends appearing on these pages have given way to more defensible statements. And other revisions are sure to be made in the months and years ahead. (Visitors are cautioned that data and conclusions in older articles presented here represented the resources and thinking of the time and may not be as reliable as data and conclusions in more recent articles.)

It is a pleasure to be able to share my interest with you. I welcome your emailed comments, questions, criticisms. I hope that the site is useful to you and that you check in from time to time to see what is new.

Copyright:

All original work written for and submitted to this website is the property of its author(s), who provide their permission for online publication through the site. While granting the right of online publication on this website, contributing authors retain all other rights to the work (minus edits and formatting owned by the website publisher).

Original material presented on this website may not be copied, stored or disseminated outside of the normal presentation of the site without the permission of the website publisher and the original author(s).

Some material appearing on this site is in the public domain. U.S. government reports and other official documents are not copyrightable within the United States. Additional material has entered the public domain through the expiration of earlier copyrights. The web formatting and all original editorial material accompanying public domain text on this site is the property of the website publisher and may not be copied, stored or disseminated outside of the normal presentation of this website.

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This website makes use of Google analytics and Google advertisement programs (AdSense), which use minimally invasive "cookies" - tiny data files containing unique anonymous identification that are downloaded to your device - to deliver services and to analyze traffic. Your IP address and user-agent (browser), for example, are shared with Google to ensure quality of service and generate usage statistics. Aside from Google's use of "cookies," this site makes no effort to collect data on its visitors. If you are uncomfortable with "cookie" use, you may delete and disable "cookies" in your web browser. By continuing to use this site with a "cookies"-enabled browser, you are indicating your acceptance of these terms. Learn more about Google's use of cookies.